Islet amyloid formation associated with hyperglycemia in transgenic mice with pancreatic beta cell expression of human islet amyloid polypeptide.

Genetic background determines the extent of islet amyloid formation in human islet amyloid polypeptide transgenic mice.

Genetic background is important in determining susceptibility to metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction. Islet amyloid is associated with reduced beta-cell mass and function and develops in the majority of our C57BL/6J x DBA/2J (F(1)) male human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) transgenic mice after 1 yr of increased fat feeding. To determine the relative ...

Oophorectomy promotes islet amyloid formation in human islet amyloid polypeptide transgenic mice.

Extracellular vesicles from human pancreatic islets suppress human islet amyloid polypeptide amyloid formation.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released by cells to aid cell-cell communication and tissue homeostasis. Human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is the major component of amyloid deposits found in pancreatic islets of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). IAPP is secreted in conjunction with insulin from pancreatic β cells to regulate glucose metabolism. Here, using a combination ...

Chaperones Ameliorate Beta Cell Dysfunction Associated with Human Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Overexpression

In type 2 diabetes, beta-cell dysfunction is thought to be due to several causes, one being the formation of toxic protein aggregates called islet amyloid, formed by accumulations of misfolded human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP). The process of hIAPP misfolding and aggregation is one of the factors that may activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), perturbing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) ...

Studies of Neuropeptides in Pancreatic Beta Cell Function with Special Emphasis on Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP)

Karlsson, E. 2001. Studies of Neuropeptides for Pancreatic Beta Cell Function with Special Emphasis on Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP). Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Medicine 980. 68 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 91-554-4890-9. The presence of protein amyloid in pancreas and its association to diabetes was first described 100 years ago...